{"id":30769,"date":"2024-07-18T00:08:52","date_gmt":"2024-07-18T04:08:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/?p=30769"},"modified":"2024-07-18T00:08:52","modified_gmt":"2024-07-18T04:08:52","slug":"us-constitution-7th-and-8th-amendment","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/2024\/07\/18\/us-constitution-7th-and-8th-amendment\/","title":{"rendered":"\u7f8e\u56fd\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u77e5\u8bc6\u7cfb\u5217\uff08\u5341\u4e03\uff09\uff1a\u7b2c\u4e03\u53ca\u7b2c\u516b\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\uff08\u542b\u4e2d\u6587\u8bed\u97f3\u53ca\u89c6\u9891\uff09"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right\" style=\"font-size:16px\">\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aFranklin Bodine<br>\u89c6\u9891\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5236\u4f5c\uff1a\u672c\u520a\u89c6\u9891\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ec4 \/ 2024.07.13<br>\u6587\u5b57\u6574\u7406\uff1aJane \/ 2024.07.15<br>\u53d1\u7a3f\uff1a2024.07.18<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-audio aligncenter\"><audio controls 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class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u5982\u679c\u6211\u4eec\u56de\u987e\u4e00\u4e0b1775\u5e74\u7684 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5c4a\u5927\u9646\u4f1a\u8bae\u201d \u6240\u64b0\u5199\u7684\u300a\u5173\u4e8e\u62ff\u8d77\u6b66\u5668\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u548c\u5fc5\u8981\u6027\u7684\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\uff08the Declaration of the Cause and Neccessity of Taking up Arms\uff09\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff1a<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>\u201c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5df2\u7ecf\u901a\u8fc7\u4e86\u5c06\u6d77\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u548c\u526f\u6d77\u4e8b\u6cd5\u5ead\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u6269\u5927\u5230\u5176\u53e4\u8001\u8303\u56f4\u4e4b\u5916\uff0c\u8fd9\u5265\u593a\u4e86\u5728\u5f71\u54cd\u6211\u4eec\u751f\u547d\u548c\u8d22\u4ea7\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7531\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u8fdb\u884c\u5ba1\u5224\u8fd9\u4e00\u60ef\u5e38\u4e14\u4e0d\u53ef\u4f30\u91cf\u7684\u7279\u6743\u3002\u201d <\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color 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J. Simpson\uff09\u56e0\u8c0b\u6740\u7f6a\u53d7\u5ba1\uff0c\u4ed6\u88ab\u5224\u8c0b\u6740\u7f6a\u540d\u4e0d\u6210\u7acb\u3002\u4f46\u4ed6\u4e5f\u56e0\u8fc7\u5931\u81f4\u6b7b\u53d7\u5230\u6c11\u4e8b\u6307\u63a7\uff0c\u5e76\u88ab\u5224\u6709\u7f6a\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u652f\u4ed83300\u4e07\u7f8e\u5143\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u540c\u4e00\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ed6\u5728\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u88ab\u5224\u65e0\u7f6a\uff0c\u4f46\u4ed6\u5728\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u88ab\u8ba4\u5b9a\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u652f\u4ed8\u8d54\u507f\u91d1\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u540c\u65f6\u5e26\u6765\u6c11\u4e8b\u548c\u5211\u4e8b\u6307\u63a7\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u201c\u7b2c\u4e03\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u63a5\u7740\u8bf4\uff1a<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u7531\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u88c1\u51b3\u7684\u4e8b\u5b9e\uff0c\u5408\u4f17\u56fd\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u5f97\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u67e5\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6309\u7167\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u89c4\u5219\u3002\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> \u6211\u4eec\u518d\u6b21\u770b\u5230\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u88ab\u63d0\u5230\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8861\u5e73\u6cd5\u5ead\u3002\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e09\u6761\u7b2c2\u8282\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u4e0d\u8bba\u6cd5\u5f8b\u65b9\u9762\u8fd8\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u90fd\u6709\u4e0a\u8bc9\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u3002\u201d <\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u56e0\u6b64\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\u5f15\u8d77\u4e86\u53cd\u8054\u90a6\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u8b66\u89c9\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6cd5\u9662\u4f1a\u63a8\u7ffb\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002\u4f60\uff08\u9700\u8981\u533a\u5206\uff09\u6709\u5173 \u201c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201d \u548c \u201c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u6709\u5173 \u201c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u201d \u7684\u95ee\u9898\u5305\u62ec\u786e\u5b9a\u8d23\u4efb\u6216\u635f\u5931\u6216\u60e9\u7f5a\u6027\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u800c\u6709\u5173 \u201c\u6cd5\u5f8b\u201d \u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff08\u5305\u62ec\uff09\u6cd5\u5f8b\u662f\u5982\u4f55\u89c4\u5b9a\u7684\uff1f\u5728\u6b64\u6848\u4e2d\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u5408\u6cd5\u7684\uff0c\u54ea\u4e9b\u662f\u8fdd\u6cd5\u7684\uff1f<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u201c\u7b2c\u4e03\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u89e3\u7b54\u4e86\u53cd\u8054\u90a6\u515a\u4eba\u7684\u62c5\u5fe7\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u62c5\u5fc3\u6cd5\u9662\u4f1a\u63a8\u7ffb\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u800c\u4ed6\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5e94\u8be5\u6709\u6700\u7ec8\u51b3\u5b9a\u6743\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5173\u4e8e\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u67d0\u4eba\u5728\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u662f\u5426\u8d1f\u6709\u8d23\u4efb\uff1f\u6216\u8005\u635f\u5931\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u591a\u5c11\uff1f\u53cd\u8054\u90a6\u515a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u624d\u6709\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u53d1\u8a00\u6743\uff0c\u6cd5\u5ead\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u8d28\u7591\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u4eec\u5e0c\u671b\u6cd5\u5ead\u53ea\u5ba1\u67e5\u4e0e\u6cd5\u5f8b\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\uff09\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5bf9\u6b64\u4e8b\u6709\u4f55\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u8d28\u7591\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5bf9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002\u57281996\u5e74\u7684 \u201c\u52a0\u65af\u5e15\u91cc\u5c3c\u8bc9\u4eba\u6587\u4e2d\u5fc3\u6848\u201d \uff08Gasperini v. Center for Humanities Inc\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5141\u8bb8\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u67e5\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u4f5c\u51fa\u7684\u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u635f\u5bb3\u8d54\u507f\u88c1\u51b3\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u8fd9\u5c31\u80cc\u79bb\u4e86 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e03\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5141\u8bb8\u4e86\u4e0a\u8bc9\u6cd5\u9662\u5ba1\u67e5\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5728\u672c\u6848\u4e2d\u5bf9\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\uff0c\u5373\u635f\u5bb3\u7684\u91d1\u989d\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u5bf9 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e03\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u7684\u524a\u5f31\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u662f \u201c\u7b2c\u516b\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d\u3002\u5b83\u89c4\u5b9a\uff1a<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8981\u6c42\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u4fdd\u91ca\u91d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u5904\u4ee5\u8fc7\u91cd\u7684\u7f5a\u91d1\uff0c\u4e0d\u5f97\u65bd\u52a0\u6b8b\u9177\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> \u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8981\u6c42\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u4fdd\u91ca\u91d1\u201d \u7ed3\u5408 \u201c\u7b2c\u516d\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u7684\u5feb\u901f\u5ba1\u5224\u6761\u6b3e\u53ca \u201c\u4eba\u8eab\u4fdd\u62a4\u201d \u6743\u5229\u53d1\u6325\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u540e\u8005\u662f\u5728\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7b2c\u4e00\u6761\u7b2c9\u8282\u7b2c2\u6761\u6b3e\u4e2d\u7684\u89c4\u5b9a\uff0c<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u4e2d\u6b62\u4eba\u8eab\u4fdd\u62a4\u4ee4\u7684\u7279\u6743\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e09\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u53ef\u4ee5\u9632\u6b62\u4e0d\u5fc5\u8981\u7684\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5ba1\u524d\u7f81\u62bc\uff0c\u90a3\uff08\u5ba1\u524d\u7f81\u62bc\uff09\u5f88\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u653f\u5e9c\u6ee5\u7528\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">1689\u5e74\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u5bf9\u524d\u56fd\u738b\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u4e8c\u4e16\u6709\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u62b1\u6028\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u63d0\u5230\uff1a<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u800c\u5728\u5211\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u88ab\u8981\u6c42\u4ea4\u7eb3\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u4fdd\u91ca\u91d1\uff0c\u635f\u5bb3\u4e86\u4e3a\u56fd\u6c11\u81ea\u7531\u6240\u5236\u5b9a\u4e4b\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u798f\u7949\u3002\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> \u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u4fdd\u91ca\u91d1\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u4fb5\u72af\u4e86\u88ab\u544a\u7684\u81ea\u7531\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b83\u8feb\u4f7f\u88ab\u544a\u5446\u5728\u76d1\u72f1\u91cc\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u4ed6\u4eec\u672c\u5e94\u80fd\u88ab\u4fdd\u91ca\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u5904\u4ee5\u8fc7\u91cd\u7684\u7f5a\u91d1\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> \u4ee5\u53ca<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\"> \u201c\u65bd\u52a0\u975e\u6cd5\u548c\u6b8b\u9177\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> \u4e5f\u662f\u4ed6\u4eec\u5bf9\u56fd\u738b\u8a79\u59c6\u58eb\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u62b1\u6028\u3002\u56fd\u738b\u8a79\u59c6\u58eb\u4e8c\u4e16\u57281688\u5e74\u7684 \u201c\u5149\u8363\u9769\u547d\u201d \u4e2d\u88ab\u63a8\u7ffb\u4e86\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4eba\u8ba9\u8a79\u59c6\u65af\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u5973\u513f\u739b\u4e3d\u548c\u5979\u7684\u4e08\u592b\u5a01\u5ec9\u00b7\u5965\u5170\u6cbb\uff08William of Orange\uff09\u6210\u4e3a\u65b0\u7684\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u738b\u540e\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5c31\u6709\u4e86\u5a01\u5ec9\u56fd\u738b\u548c\u739b\u4e3d\u738b\u540e\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u4eba\u4eec\u5728\uff08\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\uff09\u300a\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa\u4e86\u56fd\u738b\u8a79\u59c6\u58eb\u4e8c\u4e16\u7684\u8fc7\u5ea6\u884c\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u65b0\u56fd\u738b\u518d\u6b21\u8df5\u8e0f\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u6743\u5229\u3002\u90a3\u662f\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63aa\u8f9e\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u5230\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u300a\u4eba\u6743\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u4e2d\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u7f5a\u91d1\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e00\u79cd\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u8981\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6bc1\u6389\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fc7\u5ea6\u7f5a\u6b3e\u5728\u7ecf\u6d4e\u4e0a\u6bc1\u6389\u4ed6\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u4fb5\u72af\u4ed6\u4eba\u6743\u5229\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u5b83\u8bf4\uff1a<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u65bd\u52a0\u6b8b\u9177\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"> \u8fd8\u662f\u56de\u5230\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\uff0c\u8be5\u6cd5\u6848\u8981\u6c42\uff1a<\/mark><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#863333\" class=\"has-inline-color\">\u201c\u4e0d\u5f97\u8981\u6c42\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u4fdd\u91ca\u91d1, \u4e0d\u5f97\u5904\u4ee5\u8fc7\u91cd\u7684\u7f5a\u91d1,\u4e0d\u5f97\u65bd\u52a0\u6b8b\u9177\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u201d<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u4e2d\u7684\u63aa\u8f9e\u4e0e \u201c\u7b2c\u516b\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u4e2d\u7684\u975e\u5e38\u76f8\u4f3c\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u56fd\u738b\u53ea\u80fd\u65bd\u884c\u8bae\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u56fd\u738b\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f02\u60f3\u5929\u5f00\uff0c\u65bd\u884c\u81ea\u5df1\u60f3\u8981\u7684\u8bf8\u5982\u9177\u5211\u5f0f\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u4ed6\u53ea\u80fd\u65bd\u884c\u8bae\u4f1a\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u201c\u5149\u8363\u9769\u547d\u201d \u9664\u4e86\u5e26\u6765\u5a01\u5ec9\u548c\u739b\u4e3d\uff0c\u8fd8\u57fa\u672c\u4e0a\u786e\u7acb\u4e86\u8bae\u4f1a\u7684\u5730\u4f4d\u9ad8\u4e8e\u56fd\u738b\uff0c\u5e76\u53ef\u51b3\u5b9a\u56fd\u738b\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u89c4\u8303\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">1791\u5e74\uff0c\u5f53\u300a\u4eba\u6743\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u65f6\uff0c\u201c\u7981\u6b62\u6b8b\u9177\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u60e9\u7f5a\u201d \u88ab\u89c6\u4e3a\u7981\u6b62\u5c06\u9177\u5211\u4f5c\u4e3a\u60e9\u7f5a\u624b\u6bb5\u3002\u7136\u540e\u57281892\u5e74\u7684 \u201c\u5965\u5c3c\u5c14\u8bc9\u4f5b\u8499\u7279\u5dde\u6848\u201d\uff08O&#8217;Neil v. Vermont\uff09\u4e2d\uff0c\uff08\u7981\u6b62\uff09\u201c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u201d \u88ab\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u6307\u8981\u5c0a\u91cd\u73b0\u884c\u4f20\u7edf\u548c\u5bf9\u7f6a\u72af\u7684\u4eba\u9053\u5f85\u9047\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5f53\u65f6\u6b63\u5728\u89e3\u8bfb\u8fd9\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u5e76\u8bd5\u56fe\u51b3\u5b9a\u4f55\u4e3a \u201c\u6b8b\u9177\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u201d\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\"><strong>\u201c\u76f8\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\u201d<\/strong>\uff08Proportionality\uff09\u6765\u81ea\u300a\u5229\u672a\u8bb0\u300b\u7b2c24\u7ae0\u7b2c17-21\u8282\u3002\u5176\u4e2d\u8bf4\u5230\uff1a<\/mark><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u201c\u6253\u6b7b\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u88ab\u6cbb\u6b7b\u3002\u6253\u6b7b\u7272\u755c\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u8d54\u4e0a\u7272\u755c\uff0c\u4ee5\u547d\u507f\u547d\u3002\u4eba\u82e5\u4f7f\u4ed6\u90bb\u820d\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u6709\u6b8b\u75be\uff0c\u4ed6\u600e\u6837\u884c\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u7167\u6837\u5411\u4ed6\u884c\u3002\u4ee5\u4f24\u8fd8\u4f24\uff0c\u4ee5\u773c\u8fd8\u773c\uff0c\u4ee5\u7259\u8fd8\u7259\u3002\u4ed6\u600e\u6837\u53eb\u4eba\u7684\u8eab\u4f53\u6709\u6b8b\u75be\uff0c\u4e5f\u8981\u7167\u6837\u5411\u4ed6\u884c\u3002\u6253\u6b7b\u7272\u755c\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u8d54\u4e0a\u7272\u755c\uff1b\u6253\u6b7b\u4eba\u7684\uff0c\u5fc5\u88ab\u6cbb\u6b7b\u3002\u201d<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u4eca\u5929\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u8ba4\u4e3a\u8fd9\u592a\u82db\u523b\u4e86\u3002\u4f46\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u82db\u5f85\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u6309 \u201c\u76f8\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\u201d \u5bf9\u5f85\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4f60\u5c31\u4e0d\u4f1a\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bfc\u81f4\u8f7b\u4f24\u5bb3\u6216\u72af\u4e86\u8f7b\u5fae\u7684\u7f6a\u884c\u800c\u906d\u53d7\u5230\u8fdc\u8d85\u8fc7\u4e0e\u7f6a\u884c\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u60e9\u7f5a\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u7f6a\u884c\u76f8\u79f0\u3002\u6700\u9ad8\u6cd5\u9662\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5141\u8bb8\u5bf9\u4e00\u4e9b\u8c0b\u6740\u6848\u5224\u5904\u6b7b\u5211\uff0c\u5374\u57281977\u5e74\u7684 \u201c\u5bc7\u514b\u8bc9\u4f50\u6cbb\u4e9a\u5dde\u201d\uff08Coker v. Georgia\uff09\u7684\u5f3a\u5978\u6848\u4e2d\u62d2\u7edd\u5224\u5904\u6b7b\u5211\uff0c\u79f0\u82e5\u7f6a\u72af\u6ca1\u6709\u5265\u593a\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u5c31\u4e0d\u5e94\u5265\u593a\u7f6a\u72af\u7684\u751f\u547d\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4ed6\u4eec\u8bf4\uff0c\u60e9\u7f5a\u5fc5\u987b\u4e0e\u7f6a\u884c\u76f8\u79f0\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u6ca1\u6709\u593a\u8d70\u53d7\u5bb3\u8005\u7684\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u751f\u547d\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u593a\u8d70\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u56de\u5230\u4e86\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u4e2d\u7684 \u201c\u76f8\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\u201d\u3002\u53ef\u5e94\u7528\u8fd9\u4e00\u76f8\u79f0\u6027\u539f\u5219\u7684\u5176\u4ed6\u6848\u4f8b\u8fd8\u5305\u62ec\uff1a\u4e0d\u5f97\u56e0\u5728\u519b\u4e2d\u64c5\u79bb\u5c97\u4f4d\u800c\u88ab\u5265\u593a\u516c\u6c11\u8eab\u4efd\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e0d\u4eba\u9053\u7684\u76d1\u72f1\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u76d1\u72f1\u5b98\u5458\u9020\u6210\u7684\u4e25\u91cd\u4f24\u5bb3\u4e5f\u5728\u7981\u6b62\u4e4b\u5217\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u6211\u4eec\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u5df2\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u6848\u4ef6\u4e2d\u5e94\u7528\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u300a\u5723\u7ecf\u300b\u539f\u5219\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-black-color\">\u603b\u800c\u8a00\u4e4b\uff0c\u201c\u7b2c\u4e03\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u4e3a\u6c11\u4e8b\u6848\u4ef6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5ba1\u5224\uff0c\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5ba1\u5224\u88ab\u56fd\u7236\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u975e\u5e38\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u5bf9\u81ea\u7531\u7684\u4fdd\u62a4\uff0c\u88ab\u5199\u5165\u300a\u72ec\u7acb\u5ba3\u8a00\u300b\u548c\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u4e2d\u3002\u5728\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u4e2d\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6c11\u4e8b\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5ba1\u5224\u662f\u4ee4\u8bb8\u591a\u53cd\u8054\u90a6\u515a\u4eba\u62c5\u5fe7\u7684\u4e00\u5927\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u4ee5\u6b64\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53cd\u5bf9\u300a\u5baa\u6cd5\u300b\u7684\u8bba\u636e\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c31\u5bfc\u81f4\u540e\u6765 \u201c\u7b2c\u4e03\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d \u88ab\u63d0\u51fa\u3002\u5b83\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u666e\u901a\u6cd5\u8bc9\u8bbc\u800c\u975e\u8861\u5e73\u6cd5\u63d0\u544a\uff0c\u4e8b\u5b9e\u5e94\u7531\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u88c1\u5b9a\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u4e0d\u5f97\u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u67e5\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u966a\u5ba1\u56e2\u5bf9\u8c01\u6709\u7f6a\u3001\u8c01\u65e0\u7f6a\u6216\u4f55\u79cd\u635f\u5931\u7b49\u4e8b\u5b9e\u6709\u72ec\u7acb\u548c\u6700\u7ec8\u7684\u51b3\u5b9a\u6743\u3002\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u6cd5\u9662\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u6743\u5229\u3002\u5173\u4e8e \u201c\u7b2c\u516b\u4fee\u6b63\u6848\u201d\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u51fa\u81ea\u82f1\u56fd\u7684\u300a\u6743\u5229\u6cd5\u6848\u300b\u3002\u5b83\u7981\u6b62\u8fc7\u9ad8\u7684\u4fdd\u91ca\u91d1\u548c\u7f5a\u91d1\uff0c\u7981\u6b62\u6b8b\u9177\u548c\u975e\u5e38\u89c4\u7684\u60e9\u7f5a\uff0c\u8fd8\u7eb3\u5165\u4e86\u60e9\u7f5a\u5e94\u4e0e\u7f6a\u884c\u76f8\u79f0\u7684\u539f\u5219\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u6211\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u3002<\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p style=\"font-size:16px\">\u539f\u89c6\u9891\u94fe\u63a5\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q7sLvWjUATc&amp;t=0s\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=q7sLvWjUATc&amp;t=0s<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" id=\"block-2a36f8ac-e3d1-4116-a797-bd01553558bb\" style=\"font-size:25px\"><strong><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u5ddd\u666e\u603b\u7edf\u5b98\u7f51\u94fe\u63a5 \u62dc\u6258\u5927\u5bb6\u591a\u591a\u6350\u6b3e\u652f\u6301\uff01\uff01\uff01<br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.donaldjtrump.com\/\">https:\/\/www.donaldjtrump.com\/<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\" style=\"font-size:25px\"><strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u4e3a7\u670813\u65e5\u5ddd\u666e\u5bbe\u5dde\u96c6\u4f1a\u67aa\u51fb\u4e8b\u4ef6\u6b7b\u96be\u7684\u7231\u56fd\u8005\u5bb6\u5c5e\u6350\u6b3e<\/mark><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.gofundme.com\/f\/president-trump-seeks-support-for-butler-pa-victims\"><strong>https:\/\/www.gofundme.com\/f\/president-trump-seeks-support-for-butler-pa-victims<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-medium-font-size\">\ud83d\udd25<strong><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u5f81\u7a3f\u542f\u4e8b<\/mark><\/strong>\ud83d\udd25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0);color:#000693\" class=\"has-inline-color\"><strong>2024\u5e74\u5927\u9009\u5373\u5c06\u6765\u4e34\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u9f13\u52b1\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8bfb\u8005\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u57fa\u7763\u5f92\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u60a8\u6709\u5723\u7075\u7684\u611f\u52a8\uff0c\u8bf7\u5199\u4e0b\u60a8\u7684\u611f\u53d7\uff0c\u7ed9\u672c\u520a\u6295\u7a3f\uff08nacr2021@gmail.com\uff09\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5c06\u9009\u62e9\u520a\u767b\u3002\u8ba9\u6211\u4eec\u4e00\u8d77\u6765\u634d\u536b\u7f8e\u56fd\u7684\u57fa\u7763\u6559\u4f20\u7edf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7f8e\u56fd\u518d\u6b21\u4f1f\u5927\u3002<\/strong><\/mark><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\" id=\"block-d6b5550b-156c-41b9-bf08-a1a1ce864ed9\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/05\/image-34-868x1024.png\" alt=\"\u6b64\u56fe\u7247\u7684alt\u5c5e\u6027\u4e3a\u7a7a\uff1b\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u4e3aimage-34-868x1024.png\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-079a8183-890f-43f1-abad-b5f403bb999d\"><strong>\u6350\u6b3e\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a<\/strong>\uff08\u8bf7\u6ce8\u660e\u60a8\u7684\u59d3\u540d\u548c\u7535\u90ae\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u6211\u4eec\u5bc4\u9001\u6536\u636e\uff09\uff1a<br>1\uff09Zelle: nacr2021@gmail.com<br>2\uff09PayPal: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.paypal.com\/paypalme\/NAConservative1\">PayPal.me\/NAConservative1<\/a><br>3\uff09\u652f\u7968\u62ac\u5934\uff1aNACR     \u5730\u5740\uff1a1951 McConnor Blvd, #59169 Schaumburg\uff0cIL 60159<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-1678adda-1918-4ebf-a45f-02c7f3a3c69c\"><strong>\u656c\u8bf7\u8ba2\u9605:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p id=\"block-f8cb2237-97e2-4033-868a-4c7634caa3c5\"><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba &#8211; YouTube<\/strong>\u65b0\u9891\u9053<strong>\u300b<\/strong>\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCXD6cjPFfBLlQMlSJi6h_6g\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/channel\/UCXD6cjPFfBLlQMlSJi6h_6g<\/a><strong><br><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba &#8211; Rumble<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u9891\u9053<\/span><strong><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u300b:<\/span><\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/rumble.com\/user\/NACR2021\">https:\/\/rumble.com\/user\/NACR2021<\/a><br><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong>\u7535\u62a5(Telegram)\u65f6\u8bc4\u6587\u7ae0\u9891\u9053\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/NAconservative\">https:\/\/t.me\/NAconservative<\/a><br><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong>\u7535\u62a5(Telegram)\u7ffb\u8bd1\u89c6\u9891\u9891\u9053\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/VIDEOSBYNACR\">https:\/\/t.me\/VIDEOSBYNACR<\/a><br><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong>\u7535\u62a5(Telegram)\u4ea4\u6d41\u7fa4\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/t.me\/+92XsKo9C-upmZTRh\">https:\/\/t.me\/+92XsKo9C-upmZTRh<\/a><br><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong>\u63a8\u7279(Twitter)\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/naconservative9\">https:\/\/mobile.twitter.com\/naconservative9<\/a><br><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong>\u8138 \u4e66(Facebook)\uff1a<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/100052658047986\">https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/100052658047986<\/a><strong><br><\/strong><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\"><strong>\u300a\u5317\u7f8e\u4fdd\u5b88\u8bc4\u8bba\u300b<\/strong><\/span><strong><span style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-red-color\">\u771f\u76f8\u793e\u5a92\uff08TruthSocial\uff09<\/span>\uff1a<a href=\"https:\/\/truthsocial.com\/@NACR\">https:\/\/truthsocial.com\/@NACR<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1aFranklin Bodine\u89c6\u9891\u7ffb\u8bd1\u5236\u4f5c\uff1a\u672c\u520a\u89c6\u9891\u7ffb\u8bd1\u7ec4 \/ 2024.07.13\u6587\u5b57\u6574\u7406\uff1aJane  [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":30800,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30769","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-knowledge-of-constitution"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30769","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=30769"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30769\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":30802,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/30769\/revisions\/30802"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/30800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=30769"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=30769"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/nacr.info\/WordPress\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=30769"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}